The European Parliament, often simply referred to as the European Parliament, is one of the most important institutions of the European Union (EU). In this academic blog article, we want to take a closer look at the role and importance of the European Parliament. It is the only EU institution that is directly elected by the citizens and therefore plays a central role in European democracy.
The beginnings of the European Parliament
The European Parliament dates back to the beginnings of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), which was founded in 1951. At that time, the Parliament was still a consultative body. With the founding of the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1957, the Parliament was given extended powers.
The development of parliamentary rights
Over the years, the European Parliament has seen its rights and powers steadily strengthened. With the Maastricht Treaty in 1992, the Parliament was established as a co-legislator in important policy areas. It was given the right to decide on around 80% of EU legislation together with the Council of the European Union.
Legislation
The European Parliament plays a key role in EU legislation. In most policy areas, such as environmental protection, consumer protection, economic and financial policy, the Parliament must approve the laws before they come into force.
Budgetary control
The European Parliament is also responsible for scrutinising the EU budget and deciding on its adoption. It monitors the finances and ensures that EU funds are used lawfully and efficiently.
Control of the executive
The European Parliament also exercises control over the European Commission. The Commission proposed by the European Council must be confirmed by the Parliament. It can initiate votes of no confidence in the Commission and therefore has a direct influence on the composition and work of the EU executive.
Number of deputies
The number of MEPs in the European Parliament is based on the population of the EU member states. There are currently a total of 705 MEPs, with Germany having the largest contingent with 96 seats.
Election of members of parliament
Members of the European Parliament are elected directly by the citizens of the EU member states every five years. The elections take place in each country according to national regulations, which, however, provide for proportional representation.
Representation of interests
The European Parliament is the direct representation of citizens in the EU. It stands up for their interests and represents their concerns in EU legislation and policy-making.
Promoting European democracy
The European Parliament plays a central role in strengthening European democracy. The direct election of MEPs gives citizens a direct voice in EU politics.
Ensuring transparency and accountability
The European Parliament contributes to the transparency and accountability of the EU. It monitors the work of the EU institutions and ensures that they act in the interests of the citizens.
The European Parliament is a key institution in European democracy. As the direct representative of the citizens of the EU, it plays an important role in legislation, budgetary control and oversight of the executive. The direct election of MEPs by citizens contributes to strengthening European democracy and ensures that their interests are adequately represented. The European Parliament is therefore an essential component of a democratic, transparent and accountable Europe.
